The correct answer is:

A) Acoustic shadowing

In this image, you can find a calcified plaque in the common carotid artery, which leads to a shadow distal of the plaque. Due to this artifact (artifact), you can not image structures behind the calcified plaque, such as the posterior wall of the vessel. In addition, it is challenging to obtain Doppler information in such regions. As a result, you might miss or underestimate a carotid lesion.

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Thomas Binder and the 123sonography team